Informatica

Nowadays, it is agreed that fuzzy sets are suitable for capturing and representing the concept of vagueness and uncertainty, and various fuzzy reasoning systems are being developed based on them. Researchers have proposed fuzzy set extensions to improve the performance and accuracy of these systems. The research questions arise regarding how fuzzy sets have evolved and what the main trends in their evolution are. To address these questions, our research presents a chronological and bibliometric analysis of fuzzy sets based on papers extracted from the Web of Science database. The main findings and contributions have been identified, systematized and visualized in a fuzzy set keyword map of 65 fuzzy set extensions. These extensions are primarily used for decision-making, reasoning, and prediction, particularly in the context of digital transformation, by integrating digital technologies into all areas of business, transforming operations and enhancing value delivery to customers. As organisations increasingly adopt digital technologies, the need for robust frameworks to manage uncertainty becomes critical. The main trends indicating the directions of fuzzy sets development, an overview of the variety and popularity of fuzzy sets over the years, and the impact of countries engaged in fuzzy set research are also identified and reported. The results support researchers and practitioners working on fuzzy sets and their applications by providing valuable insights into the fuzzy set topic, its existing extensions, and, more generally, to any field of investigation where fuzzy sets are relevant, particularly in the realm of digital transformation.

Blockchain is a decentralized database, which can protect the safety of trade and avoid double payment. Due to the widespread attention of researchers, the studies of this field have increased sharply in recent years. It is meaningful to reveal the development level and trends based on this literature. This paper adopts bibliometric methods to study the collaboration characteristics from the levels of author, institution and country. Furthermore, several kinds of collaboration networks and their centrality analysis are also presented, which not only display the development level and collaboration degree but also the evolution of author collaboration modes in different phases.