Informatica

In this paper, the hexagonal approach was proposed for modeling the functioning of cerebral cortex, especially, the processes of learning and recognition of visual information. This approach is based on the real neurophysiological data of the structure and functions of cerebral cortex. Distinctive characteristic of the proposed neural network is the hexagonal arrangement of excitatory connections between neurons that enable the spreading or cloning of information on the surface of neuronal layer. Cloning of information and modification of the weight of connections between neurons are used as the basic principles for learning and recognition processes. Computer simulation of the hexagonal neural network indicated a suitability and prospectiveness of proposed approach in the creation, together with other modern concepts, of artificial neural network which will realize the most complicated processes that take place in the brain of living beings, such as short-term and long-term memory, episodic and declarative memory, recall, recognition, categorisation, thinking, and others.

Comparative study of the recognition of nonsemantic geometrical figures by the human subjects and ART neural network was carried out. The results of computer simulation experiments with ART neural network showed well correspondence with the psychophysical data on the recognition of different complexity visual patterns: in both cases the patterns of medium complexity were recognized with the highest accuracy. On the contrary, the recognition of the patterns by their informative fragments demonstrated different recognition strategies employed by natural and artificial neural systems. For biological systems, it is necessary the presence of not only distinctive features in visual patterns but the redundant features as well for successive recognition. ART neural network ignores redundant features and recognizes visual patterns with equal accuracy whether the whole pattern or only the informative fragment of any completeness is present.